Toronto Pearson International Airport
| Toronto Pearson International Airport Lester B. Pearson International Airport |
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IATA: YYZ – ICAO: CYYZ
  YYZ
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| Summary | |||
| Airport type | Public | ||
| Owner | Transport Canada | ||
| Operator | Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) | ||
| Serves | Toronto, Ontario | ||
| Location | Mississauga | ||
| Hub for |
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| Elevation AMSL | 569 ft / 173 m | ||
| Website | |||
| Runways | |||
| Direction | Length | Surface | |
| ft | m | ||
| 05/23 | 11,120 | 3,389 | Asphalt/Concrete |
| 15L/33R | 11,050 | 3,368 | Asphalt |
| 06L/24R | 9,697 | 2,956 | Asphalt |
| 15R/33L | 9,088 | 2,770 | Asphalt |
| 06R/24L | 9,000 | 2,743 | Asphalt |
| Statistics (2009) | |||
| Number of Passengers | 30,368,339 | ||
| Aircraft Movements | 407,724 | ||
| Sources: Canada Flight Supplement[1] Transport Canada[2] Movements from Statistics Canada[3] Passengers from GTAA[4] |
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Toronto Pearson International Airport, also known as Lester B. Pearson International Airport or simply Toronto Pearson (IATA: YYZ, ICAO: CYYZ), is an international airport serving Toronto, Ontario and the Greater Toronto Area, the largest metropolitan area in Canada. It is the primary airport for the Golden Horseshoe, an urban agglomeration surrounding Toronto that is home to over one-quarter of the population of Canada.[5] The airport is located in Mississauga, 27 km (17 mi) northwest of Downtown Toronto.
Pearson is the largest[6] and busiest airport in Canada.[3][4] In 2009, it handled 30.4 million passengers,[4] and 407,724 aircraft movements.[3] It is currently only the 20th busiest airport by aircraft movements and 19th busiest airport by international passenger traffic in the world. In 2006, the airport was selected as the best global airport by the UK-based Institute of Transport Management.[7]
Lester B. Pearson International Airport is the primary hub for Air Canada, making it a major Star Alliance hub airport.[8][9][10][11] It also serves as a hub for Air Canada Jazz, Air Georgian, Air Transat, Fedex Express, Sunwing Airlines and WestJet. The airport is operated by Greater Toronto Airports Authority as part of Transport Canada's National Airports System[12] and is one of eight Canadian airports with facilities for United States border preclearance.
An extensive network of daily non-stop domestic flights is operated from Toronto Pearson by several airlines to all major and many secondary cities across all Provinces of Canada.[13] Currently, the domestic route between YYZ and Montréal-Trudeau International Airport is the 15th busiest passenger air route in the world, in terms of flights per week. Toronto Pearson also has a very strong international presence, with 76 airlines operating non-stop or direct service to over 150 international destinations throughout the United States, Mexico, Asia, Europe, South America, Central America, the Caribbean, the Middle East and Oceania.[14]
Contents |
History
Malton Airport (1937–1960)
The airport was created from nine farmland properties that were purchased by the Toronto Harbour Commission in 1937. It first opened in 1939 as Malton Airport, named for its location near Malton, bounded by Derry Road to the north, Airport Road (6th Line) to the east, Elmbank Side Road to the south and Torbram Road (5th Line) to the west.[15]
The first terminal was built in 1938 and consisted of a standard frame terminal building from a converted farm house. The original airport covered 420 acres (1.7 km2) with full lighting, radio, weather reporting equipment, two hard surface runways and one grass landing strip.
Malton Airport was sold to the City of Toronto in 1940. From June 1940 to July 1942, during the Second World War, the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP) operated No. 1 Elementary Service Flying School (EFTS).[16] An air traffic control centre was added in 1942.
A second terminal, similar to the existing structure at the Toronto Island Airport, was built along Airport Road in 1949 to replace the first terminal (converted farm house). It was able to handle 400,000 passengers a year, and had an observation deck on the roof. Further expansion of the airport saw the expropriation of land to the south of Elmbank Side Road and westwards past Torbram to Dixie Road. The airport's growth eventually lead to the disappearance of much of the town, Elmbank. The runways for Malton consisted of 14/32, a 11,050 ft (3,368 m) runway used for test flights for the CF-105 Arrow (Avro Arrow) fighter from the Avro Canada plant and now exists only as a taxiway to 05/23; 14/32, a 11,475 ft (3,498 m) north-south runway (replaced by 15L/33R); and 10/28, a 7,425 ft (2,263 m) northwest-southeast runway which now also exists as only a taxiway.[17]
Transport Canada obtained control of Malton Airport in 1958, and the airport was renamed Toronto International Airport in 1960.
Toronto International Airport (1960–1984)
The second terminal was demolished in the late 1960s to make way for the Terminal 1 (T1) building. The original T1 (also called Aeroquay One) had a square central structure topped by a parking garage with about eight levels and ringed by a two-storey passenger concourse leading to the gates. It was designed by John B. Parkin and construction took place between 1957 and 1964.
In 1972, the Canadian government expropriated land east of Toronto for a second major airport, Pickering Airport, to relieve congestion at Toronto International. The project was postponed in 1975, partly due to opposition by community activists and environmentalists. However, the government retains ownership of the expropriated land.
Considered state-of-the-art in the 1960s, Terminal 1 became overloaded by the early 1970s, resulting in the building of another terminal. Terminal 2, originally intended as a freight terminal, opened on June 15, 1972. However, the failed development of the Pickering Airport forced the airport to modify Terminal 2's plan into a two floor, 26-gate passenger terminal. Initially, it was served only by charter airlines, but became the hub for Air Canada passenger flights on April 29, 1973. A passenger tunnel with moving sidewalks at the northwest corner of Terminal 2 connected it with Terminal 1.
The site of Terminal 2 was to have been the location for the planned Aeroquays Two and Three, duplicates of the design of the original Terminal 1 (Aeroquay One), but their inefficiency in handling wide-body passenger aircraft by the late 1960s forced the airport to abandon the circular terminal concept.
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Terminal 2 was designed for three airlines: American Airlines (American-AA), British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), and Canadian Pacific Airlines (CP Air). In the later development stages, it became apparent that it would not be viable in this form, the major complaint being the lack of indoor parking and the lack of windows. As AA, British Airways (BA- the renamed BOAC) and CP opted out of T2, Air Canada, as the government airline, was forced to move its operations there against its will. Initially, it was operated as three separate areas, befitting the three airlines for which it was designed: furthest west, (designed for CP) the Domestic zone; at the centre (designed for BA), International; furthest east, (for AA) Transborder. In the late 1970s, T2 was redesigned again; this iteration lasting until the acquisition of Canadian Airlines in 2000. The western zone remained Domestic, but was now colour coded red. In the middle, a separate Rapidair area was created for flights to Ottawa Macdonald-Cartier International Airport and Montreal-Dorval International Airport; it was red as well. East of that was the Transborder area, coloured white. A new section was added on the east end for International flights and was coded blue. An airside corridor along the southern edge of T2 was added, giving access to and from Canada Customs; this made it possible for aircraft arriving in one zone to depart with passengers from another zone without regating the aircraft.
Toronto Pearson International Airport (1984–present)
The airport was renamed to Lester B. Pearson International Airport in 1984, in honour of Lester B. Pearson, the 14th Prime Minister of Canada and recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. Operationally, the airport is often referred to as Toronto Pearson. Terminal 3 opened in 1991, to offset traffic from Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Before its opening, Terminal 3 was the designation for the CP Air hangar at the airport during 1971 to handle the increased volume at Terminal 1.
There is one infield terminal located near the cargo tenants; however, it is not currently used for by any airline or cargo airline.
As part of the National Airports Policy, management responsibilities of the Toronto Pearson were transferred from Transport Canada to the Greater Toronto Airports Authority in 1996. The C$4.4 billion Airport Development Program commenced with focus on terminal development, airside development, infield development, utilities and airport support facilities over a 10-year period. Work began to replace Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 with a new Terminal 1, which along with a Terminal 3 would become the two passenger terminal facilities at Toronto Pearson.
To ensure the ability of Toronto Pearson to accommodate its growing aircraft volume, substantial redevelopment of the airside and infield systems took place. Cargo facilities were added in the centre of the airport between the parallel north-south runways, to increase capabilities and to offset the loss of the cargo facilities that were removed for the new terminal.[19] Two new runways were built to increase the number of aircraft that Toronto Pearson can process. A north-south runway, 15R/33L, was added and completed in 1997. Another east-west runway, 06R/24L, was completed in 2002.[20]
After the September 11 attacks, Toronto Pearson was part of Operation Yellow Ribbon, as it received 19 of the diverted flights that were coming into the United States, even though Transport Canada and NAV CANADA instructed pilots to avoid the airport as a security measure.
The new Terminal 1 opened its piers D and E on April 6, 2004. Previously, Terminal 2 had a facility for United States border preclearance and handled both domestic and international transborder traffic. Domestic traffic was moved to the new Terminal 1 when it became operational, leaving Terminal 2 to handle international traffic to the United States for Air Canada and their Star Alliance partner United Airlines.
Terminal 2 saw its last day in operation as a passenger terminal on January 29, 2007 and airlines moved to the newly completed Pier F, or Hammerhead Pier at Terminal 1 the following day. Demolition of Terminal 2 began in April 2007 and continued until November 2008.[21] Terminal 1 was designed in a way that will allow for future expansion. Future projections see Toronto Pearson handling 55 million passengers annually by 2020, and Terminal 3 will also be expanded as needed to service the passengers.
The first landing of an A380 in Toronto was on June 1, 2009, operated by Emirates.[18] Since then, the A380 operates on Monday, Wednesday and Friday from/to Dubai.
Traffic flow is steady at Pearson throughout the year, but during the day, peak passenger, cargo and aircraft movements are between 3:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m. daily. Transpacific flights from East Asia peak late in the night, while Transatlantic flights from Europe peak during late afternoon.
Infrastructure and services
LINK Train
| LINK Train | |||||||||||||||||||
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In July 2006, the automated LINK Train people mover was opened, with two 6-car trains running between Terminals 1 and 3 and the 6A Station, where a reduced rate and airport staff parking lot exists between Airport Road and Viscount Road. A new parking garage that was constructed at 6B parking lot, opposite the 6A Station (linked via a bridge that crosses Viscount Road), opened on December 2009 and has a maximum capacity of 8,500 vehicles. This will be a mixed-use building (long term parking, employee parking and rental car operations).
Support
- Main control tower – 200 ft (61 m) was completed in 2000 and replaced the old tower (now demolished).
- Deicing Centres 1997–1999
- Central Heating Plant 2001
- Central Utilities Plant 2001
- GTAA Cogeneration Complex 2005
- Terminal 3 Switching Station
- Bramalea Transformer station
- Carlingview Stormwater Control Facility 2000
- Etobicoke Stormwater Management Facility 2000
- Moore Creek Stormwater Control Facility 2000
- GTAA Administration Building – moved in 1997; former home of Canadian Airlines
North Business Aviation Area
Next to the cargo terminals off Derry Road is refer to as the North Business Aviation Area. It is home to several tenants:
- Skycharter – private charter operator since 1968
- Hydro One (formerly Ontario Hydro) Helicopters – used for repair and maintenance work of hydro towers
- World Aviation Centre – now home to Landmark Aviation
Other airport tenants
- Peel Regional Police is the primary general police service at the airport. Airport Division is located on 2951 Convair Drive, on the south side of the airport near the Facilities Building along Highway 401.
- The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) maintain a Toronto Airport Detachment to provide federal police services. The RCMP formerly provided policing at the airport. In December 2009, the RCMP was asked to help the Peel force in policing the airport due to the failed bombing incident at the Detroit airport. The Canada Border Services Agency as well as the Canadian Security Intelligence Service maintain extensive operations at the airport.
- The Greater Toronto Airports Authority administration offices are located on the south side of the airport. They were re-located when the original office was torn down to make way for the new Terminal 1's parking facilities.
- Esso Avitat – aviation fuel
- Shell Aerocentre – aviation fuel
- Skyservice Business Aviation
Passenger terminals
Toronto Pearson International Airport currently has two operating terminals: Terminal 1 and Terminal 3. T1 opened on April 6, 2004. The old Terminal 1, which closed simultaneously, was demolished to make room for additional gates at Pier E. Pier F at Terminal 1, which has an enlarged end called "Hammerhead F", opened on January 30, 2007 to replace Terminal 2. This pier is for international traffic and adds 7 million passengers per year to the airport's total capacity. Redevelopment of the airport was a logistical challenge as the existing terminals remained operational throughout construction and demolition.
Pearson is one of eight Canadian airports that has United States border preclearance facilities. US Border Pre-clearance is located in both Terminal 1 and Terminal 3.
Terminal 1
Terminal 1 is designed to handle domestic, international and transborder flights in one facility. The Terminal features three piers: Piers D and E with 38 gates and Pier F with 23 gates. Pier F serves transborder and international flights, replacing Terminal 2 and the Infield Terminal (IFT). A Pier G is slated to be built in the future if demand warrants.[22]
The terminal was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill LLP, Adamson Associates Architects, and Moshe Safdie and Associates.
All Star Alliance airlines serving Toronto (except for new member Continental Airlines) operate out of Terminal 1; however, the terminal is also used by other airlines which are not members of Star Alliance. Terminal 1 has 58 gates: 101, 103, 105, 107–112, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 131–145, 151, 153, 155, 157, 160–163, 164A–164B, 165, 166A–166B, 167–181, 191 and 193.
Measuring over 464,000 square metres (5,000,000 sq ft), Terminal 1 is the 11th largest airport terminal in the world in terms of floor area.
Infield Terminal (IFT)
Constructed during 2001/02, and opened on April 6, 2003, the IFT was built to handle traffic displaced during the Terminal 1 development. The IFT has 11 gates (521 to 531). It is planned to be reactivated once passenger demand rises to a point in which Terminal 1 needs to be expanded again. It has also been used as a location for film and television shoots.
East Holdroom
The east holdroom, also referred to as the "east beach," was added in 1990 and originally served as a satellite terminal for the former Terminal 2, handling mostly short-haul flights to the United States for Air Ontario and later, Air Canada Jazz. Although it can only accommodate approximately 12 regional aircraft, the east holdroom has been designated all of Terminal 2's former gate numbers (200-299) and will remain in operation until further expansion of Terminal 1. The east holdroom was originally accessed by a shuttle bus from Terminal 2, but is now accessed by a shuttle bus from Terminal 1 after clearing US immigration and customs at the US Border Preclearance facility.
In June 2010, the East Holdroom is scheduled to be decommissioned and aircraft stands east of Gate 193 activated.
Terminal 3
Terminal 3, which opened on February 21, 1991, was built to offset traffic from the old Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Terminal 3 was initially advertised as "Trillium Terminal 3" and "The Trillium Terminal". It was built as a private venture and was a state of the art terminal containing, among other things, a US customs pre-clearance facility. A parking garage and a hotel (formerly Swissôtel, now Sheraton) is located across from the terminal. A bridge walkway conveniently connects the terminal to the hotel and parking garage. In 1997 the GTAA purchased Terminal 3, shortly thereafter implementing a C$350 million expansion.
The GTAA Terminal 3 Redevelopment Team (T3RD) was formed to oversee the terminal expansion.[23] In 2004, the Pier C Expansion opened. In June 2006, the East Processor Extension (EPE) started operations. With a soaring, undulating roofline, the EPE added 40 new check-in counters, new retail space, more secure 'hold-screening' for baggage and a huge picture window offering one of the most convenient apron viewing locations at the airport. Improved Canadian Border services and a more open arrivals hall were included in Phase I of the expansion. Phase II of the EPE has been completed in 2007 and includes larger security screening areas and additional international baggage claim areas. The West Processor Expansion Shell was completed by early 2008.[24]
Most Skyteam and Oneworld airlines serving Pearson operate out of Terminal 3, along with most airlines that are not affiliated with an airline alliance. Terminal 3 has 39 gates: A1–A6, B7–B22 and C24–C41.
Airport lounges
There are several airport lounges at Pearson Airport. Star Alliance, Skyteam, and OneWorld airlines all maintain lounges within the airport, and there are also several "Pay-In" lounges open for use by all passengers, regardless of airline, frequent flyer status or class of travel.
Terminal 1
- Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge (Star Alliance)[25]
- International (Level 3, Node F)
- International – USA (Level 4, Node F)
- Domestic
- Plaza Premium Lounge ("Pay-In" Lounge)[26]
- International (Near Gate 177)
- International – USA
- Domestic
Terminal 3
- American Airlines Admirals Club (OneWorld)[27]
- British Airways The Galleries Club Lounge (OneWorld)[28]
- British Airways The Galleries First Lounge (OneWorld)[28]
- KLM Crown Lounge (Skyteam)[29]
- Plaza Premium Lounge ("Pay-In" Lounge)[30]
- International
- Domestic
Airlines and destinations
| Airlines | Destinations | Terminal |
|---|---|---|
| Aerosvit Airlines | Kiev-Boryspil | 3 |
| Air Canada | All Year: Antigua, Aruba, Barbados, Beijing-Capital, Bermuda, Bogotá, Boston, Brussels, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Calgary, Cancún, Caracas, Cayo Coco/Cayo Guillermo, Chicago-O'Hare, Copenhagen, Cozumel, Deer Lake, Denver, Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Fort McMurray, Fort Myers, Frankfurt, Geneva, George Town/Exuma, Grand Cayman, Halifax, Havana, Holguin, Hong Kong, Kelowna, Kingston (Jamaica), Las Vegas, Lima, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Miami, Montego Bay, Montréal-Trudeau, Munich, Nassau, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Orange County (CA), Orlando, Ottawa, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Portland (OR), Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Regina, St. John's (NL), St. Lucia, Samaná, San Diego, San Francisco, San José de Costa Rica, San José del Cabo, Santa Clara (Cuba), Santiago de Chile, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Saskatoon, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Sydney (Australia), Tampa, Tel Aviv, Tokyo-Narita, Vancouver, Varadero, Victoria, Washington-Reagan, Winnipeg, Zürich Seasonal: Athens, Barcelona, Dublin, Grenada, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Romana, Liberia (Costa Rica), Madrid, Rome-Fiumicino, St. Maarten, San Juan, Sarasota/Bradenton, West Palm Beach |
1 |
| Air Canada operated by Air Georgian | Albany, Allentown-Lehigh Valley, Dayton (OH), Grand Rapids (MI), Harrisburg, Hartford, Kingston (ON), Manchester (NH), Portland (ME), Providence, Rochester (NY), Sarnia, Syracuse (NY) | 1 |
| Air Canada Jazz | Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Charlotte, Charlottetown, Chicago-O'Hare, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fredericton, Hartford, Houston-Intercontinental, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Kingston (ON), London (ON), Memphis, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Moncton, Montréal-Trudeau, Nashville, Newark, New Orleans [resumes October 30], North Bay, Ottawa, Pittsburgh, Québec City, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond (VA), Saint John (NB), St. Louis, Sault Ste. Marie, Sudbury, Sydney (NS), Thunder Bay, Timmins, Windsor | 1 |
| Air France | Paris-Charles de Gaulle | 3 |
| Air India | Amritsar [ends 30 October], Delhi, London-Heathrow [ends 30 October] | 1 |
| Air Transat | All Year: Cancún, Cayo Coco/Cayo Guillermo, Faro, Fort Lauderdale, Glasgow-International, London-Gatwick, Manchester (UK), Montego Bay, Montréal-Trudeau, Orlando, Porto, Punta Cana, Shannon Summer Seasonal: Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Birmingham (UK), Dublin, Edinburgh, Exeter, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Lamezia Terme, Lisbon, London-Heathrow, Madrid, Málaga, Munich, Newcastle upon Tyne, Pescara, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Rome-Fiumicino, Venice-Marco Polo, Vienna Winter Seasonal: Panama City, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, San José de Costa Rica, San Salvador, Santa Clara (Cuba), Varadero |
3 |
| Alitalia | Rome-Fiumicino | 1 |
| American Airlines | Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami | 3 |
| American Eagle | Boston, Chicago-O'Hare, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia | 3 |
| Austrian Airlines | Vienna | 1 |
| British Airways | London-Heathrow | 3 |
| CanJet | Antigua, Aruba, Cancún, Cartagena, Cayo Coco/Cayo Guillermo, Cienfuegos, Holguin, Montego Bay, Nassau, Punta Cana, Samaná, Santa Clara (Cuba), Santiago de Cuba, Varadero | 3 |
| Caribbean Airlines | Port of Spain | 3 |
| Caribbean Airlines operated by Air Jamaica | Kingston | 1 |
| Cathay Pacific Airways | Hong Kong | 3 |
| Continental Connection operated by CommutAir | Cleveland | 3 |
| Continental Connection operated by Colgan Air | Newark | 3 |
| Continental Express operated by ExpressJet Airlines | Cleveland, Houston-Intercontinental, Newark | 3 |
| Cubana de Aviación | Cayo Coco/Cayo Guillermo, Camaguey, Cienfuegos, Havana, Holguin, Santa Clara (Cuba), Santiago de Cuba, Varadero | 3 |
| Delta Connection operated by Atlantic Southeast Airlines | Atlanta, Detroit, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Memphis | 3 |
| Delta Connection operated by Comair | Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, New York-JFK | 3 |
| Delta Connection operated by Pinnacle Airlines | Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York-JFK [begins September 7] | 3 |
| El Al | Tel Aviv | 3 |
| Emirates | Dubai | 1 |
| Etihad Airways | Abu Dhabi | 1 |
| EVA Air | Taipei-Taoyuan | 3 |
| Finnair | Helsinki [seasonal] | 3 |
| Hainan Airlines | Beijing-Capital [begins November 27] | 3 |
| Icelandair | Reykjavík-Keflavík [seasonal] | 1 |
| Jet Airways | Brussels, Delhi | 1 |
| Kelowna Flightcraft Air Charter | Kelowna | 3 |
| KLM | Amsterdam | 3 |
| Korean Air | Seoul-Incheon | 3 |
| LAN Airlines | New York-JFK, Santiago de Chile | 3 |
| LOT Polish Airlines | Warsaw | 1 |
| Lufthansa | Düsseldorf [seasonal], Frankfurt | 1 |
| Pakistan International Airlines | Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore | 3 |
| SATA International | Faro, Lisbon, Ponta Delgada, Porto, Terceira | 3 |
| Sunwing Airlines | Acapulco, Barbados, Cancún, Cozumel, Cayo Coco/Cayo Guillermo, Camaguey, Fort Lauderdale, Gander (NL), Grenada, Halifax, Holguin, Huatulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Kingston (Jamaica), La Ceiba, Las Vegas, La Romana, Liberia (Costa Rica), Manzanillo de Cuba, Montego Bay, Orlando, Panama City, Port of Spain, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Roatán, St. Lucia, St. Petersburg/Clearwater, Santiago de Cuba, Santo Domingo, Stephenville, Varadero [all seasonal] | 1 |
| TACA International Airlines | San Salvador | 3 |
| Thomas Cook Airlines | All Year: Glasgow-International, London-Gatwick Seasonal: Birmingham (UK), Manchester (UK), Newcastle upon Tyne |
3 |
| Transaero | Moscow-Domodedovo | 3 |
| Turkish Airlines | Istanbul-Atatürk | 1 |
| United Airlines | Chicago-O'Hare, San Francisco | 1 |
| United Express operated by GoJet Airlines | Chicago-O'Hare, Washington-Dulles | 1 |
| United Express operated by Shuttle America | Chicago O'Hare, Denver, Washington-Dulles | 1 |
| United Express operated by Trans States Airlines | Washington-Dulles | 1 |
| US Airways | Charlotte | 1 |
| US Airways Express operated by Air Wisconsin | Charlotte, Philadelphia | 1 |
| US Airways Express operated by Republic Airlines | Charlotte, Philadelphia | 1 |
| Virgin America | Los Angeles, San Francisco | 3 |
| WestJet | All Year: Barbados, Bermuda, Calgary, Cancún, Cayo Coco/Cayo Guillermo, Charlottetown, Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Halifax, Kelowna, Las Vegas, Miami, Moncton, Montego Bay, Montréal-Trudeau, Nassau, Orlando, Ottawa, Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Québec City, Regina, St. John's (NL), St. Lucia, St. Maartin, Samaná, Saskatoon, Tampa, Thunder Bay, Vancouver, Varadero, Winnipeg Seasonal: Cozumel, Deer Lake, Freeport, Fort McMurray, Grand Cayman [begins November 4], Holguin, La Romana, New Orleans [begins November 1], Palm Springs [begins February 2], Saint John (NB), Santa Clara (Cuba) [begins November 5], Sydney (NS), Victoria |
3 |
Cargo operations
There are two main cargo facilities at Pearson.[31] The Cargo West Facilities are located between runways 15L/33R and 15R/33L, and the Cargo Area 5 or VISTA Cargo Centres Incorporated are located north of Terminal 3. Also, FedEx Express Canada Cargo occupy facilities at west side of airport near runway 05/23. An additional separate cargo area is located north of the aviation facilities.
| Air Canada Cargo | American Airlines | BAX Global |
| CBSA | Worldwide Flight Services Inc |
| Air Canada | AccessAir | ACE Freight | Air France Cargo | Airline Cargo Sales | Air-Ship International |
| Air Time Express | Alitalia | All Trade Shipping | American Aviation Parts & Service | Airport Terminal Services | Austrian Airlines |
| Canada Border Services Agency | Canada Post | Cargolux[32] | Cargo Sales Resources | Cargo Zone | |
| Cargoitalia | CAS Cargo and Travel | Cathay Pacific | Delta Air Lines | DHL Express | El Al |
| EVA Air | Excel Cargo | Exp-Air Cargo | Freight Systems Incorporated | Air India | Handlex Incorporated |
| International Cargo | International Fastline Forwarding | Japan Airlines | KLM Cargo | Korean Air | LAN Chile |
| LOT Polish Airlines | Lufthansa Cargo | Mayfield Cargo | Finnair | Onward Transportation | Orbit Brokers |
| Pine Tree Express | Platinum Air Cargo | Prestige International | Secure Maple Freight | Swiss International Airlines | Swissport |
| TBI | U Freight International | United Parcel Service | Varig Logistics | VCC Cargo Services |
| Shell Aerocentre Hangars and Flight Lounge | All Cargo Airlines Ltd | Air 500 |
Access
Car
The airport is accessible from Highway 427 (just north of the Highway 401 interchange) or from Highway 409, a spur off Highway 401 leading directly into the airport. Airport Road to the north and Dixon Road to the east both provide local access to the airport.[33]
Bus
Bus services connecting Toronto and the surrounding region to Pearson Airport include the Toronto Transit Commission, GO Transit, Mississauga Transit, Brampton Transit, Toronto Airport Express Coach, and Can-ar Coach Service:[34]
| Route | Destination | Service Times | Terminals Served | Schedule |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) | ||||
| 192 Airport Rocket | Express service to Kipling Station on the
Bloor–Danforth Subway Line |
All-day | 1 and 3 | [1] |
| 58A Malton | Local service to Lawrence West Station on the
Yonge–University–Spadina Subway Line |
All-day | 1 and 3 | [2] |
| 300A Bloor-Danforth | Local service along Bloor Street and Danforth Avenue to Warden Avenue
(Blue Night Network service) |
Overnight
(approximately 2:00 a.m.–6:00 a.m. daily) |
1 and 3 | [3] |
| 307 Eglinton West | Local service along Eglinton Avenue West to Yonge Street
(Blue Night Network service) |
Overnight
(approximately 2:00 a.m.–6:00 a.m. daily) |
1 and 3 | [4] |
| GO Transit | ||||
| 34 Brampton Local | Eastbound: Semi-express service to York Mills and Yorkdale TTC subway stations on the Yonge–University–Spadina Subway Line
Westbound: Local service to Brampton and Bramalea bus terminals |
All-day | 1 only | [5] |
| 40 Pearson Airport | Express service to Richmond Hill Centre bus terminal. | All-day | 1 only | [6] |
| Mississauga Transit | ||||
| 7 Airport | Local service to:
Southbound: Square One. Northbound: Westwood Mall. |
All-day | 1 only | [7] |
| 107 Malton Express | Express service to:
Southbound: Square One. Northbound: Westwood Mall. Access via Viscount LINK Station. This route will become one of the branches of Mississauga's BRT system. |
Rush hour | Viscount LINK Station | [8] |
| 57 Courtneypark | Local service from the airport's Infield Cargo area to:
Northbound: Meadowvale Town Centre Southbound: Islington Station on the Bloor–Danforth Subway Line |
Rush hour | None | [9] |
| 59 Infield | Local service from Westwood Mall to the airport's Infield Cargo area | One trip daily | None | [10] |
| Brampton Transit | ||||
| 101 Airport Express | Semi-express service to Bramalea bus terminal | All-day | 1 only | [11] |
| Toronto Airport Express Coach | ||||
| Pacific Western Transportation operates airport shuttle coach buses between downtown locations and Pearson Airport under the Toronto Airport Express brand. | All-day | 1 and 3 | [12] | |
| Can-ar Coach Service | ||||
| Operates a once-a-day coach service to Port Elgin, Ontario, serving communities in Dufferin, Grey, and Bruce counties. | [13] | |||
Taxis/limousines
Toronto Pearson International Airport has pick-up locations for taxis, limousines, out-of-town bus and/or shuttle services, offering transportation to downtown Toronto, cities throughout Ontario, and into Detroit. Taxis are licensed by the City of Mississauga, separately from the City of Toronto. Taxis licensed in Toronto can deliver to Pearson, but only airport-licensed taxis and limos can pickup at Pearson legally. One can also pre-arrange one's ride by GTA Airport Taxi or GTA Airport Limo at the Airport; one's ride will be waiting for one at the Pearson Airport. It is a little procedure one has to follow for pre-arrange reservation.[35]
Out-of-town van services
Toronto Pearson International Airport supports many out-of-town small bus, van and shuttle operators, offering transportation from Toronto Pearson to cities, towns and villages throughout Ontario, and into Michigan in the United States.[36]
Future rapid transit access
Union-Pearson Rail Link
Although the airport is near an existing railway line, it is not currently served by trains. On November 13, 2003, Union Pearson AirLink Group, a subsidiary of SNC-Lavalin, was selected to finance, design, construct, operate, and maintain a rail link connecting Toronto Pearson with Toronto's Union Station, with a planned travel time of about twenty minutes. The service is expected to eliminate 1.5 million car trips annually. The project, whose cost is estimated at $300–500 million, remains controversial due to opposition from neighbourhoods along the route.
The project will depend on the results of an environmental assessment and decisions from the Province of Ontario and Infrastructure Ontario, the Crown agency appointed to negotiate with UPAG; the advent of Toronto's successful bid for the 2015 Pan American Games is expected to give the project some impetus
In July 2010, Metrolinx (Toronto's regional transport agency) took over the project from SNC Lavalin; provincial government asked Metrolinx to take responsibility for designing, building, and operating the link. Construction has begun; completion is expected in 2015.[37]
LRT
The Eglinton Crosstown LRT is projected to connect Pearson with the main TTC transit network by 2018. The transit line, part of the Transit City initiative, is in the planning stages as of 2010; construction could begin in 2011, though the airport connection could be completed as late as 2020.[38]
BRT
One of the routes in GO Transit's proposed Highway 407 BRT system would reach the airport. As a precursor, GO currently operates the 40 Airport Express route between Richmond Hill Centre and Pearson Aiport. This route formerly served Mississauga City Centre, but was shortened due to Mississauga Transit's launch of its own Airport Express route.
The second BRT route would utilize the Highway 403 Transitway, which is currently under pre-construction and will soon commence construction. Mississauga Transit's 107 Malton Express is currently in service, connecting Mississauga City Centre, Malton, and Pearson Airport via the LINK Train's Viscount Station during peak hours only. After the completion of the transitway in late 2012, travel times between these destinations would be cut down to 19 minutes (compared to 7 Airport's 41 minutes and to the current 107's 29 minutes). Also, an all-day, all-week connection between the two destinations would be established. However, it is not known whether the route would enter the airport proper when Route 107 becomes a fully-established BRT route and when full BRT service commences. [39]
Major incidents
Accidents
- On November 3, 1959, Vickers Viscount CF-TGY of Trans-Canada Air Lines was written off when it landed short of the runway[40]
- On June 13, 1964, Vickers Viscount CF-THT of Air Canada was damaged beyond economical repair when it crash-landed after the failure of two engines on approach.[41]
- The airport's deadliest accident occurred on July 5, 1970, when Air Canada Flight 621, a DC-8 jet, flew on a Montreal–Toronto–Los Angeles route. The pilots inadvertently deployed spoilers before the plane attempted landing, forcing the pilots to abort landing and takeoff. Damage to the aircraft caused during the failed landing attempt caused the plane to break up in the air during the go-around, killing all 100 passengers and nine crew on board when it crashed in a field southwest of Brampton. Controversy remains over the cleanup effort following the crash, as both plane wreckage debris and human remains from the crash are still found on the site.[42]
- On June 26, 1978, Air Canada Flight 189 to Winnipeg overran the runway during an aborted takeoff, and crashed into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of 107 passengers on board the DC-9 were killed.
- On 22 June 1983, Douglas C-47A C-GUBT of Skycraft Air Transport crashed on approach to Toronto International Airport while on an international cargo flight from Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport, Ohio. Both crew were killed.[43]
- On August 2, 2005, Air France Flight 358, an Airbus A340-300 inbound from Paris, landed on runway 24L in a severe thunderstorm, failed to stop and ran off the runway into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. The rear third of the plane burst into flames, eventually engulfing the whole plane except the cockpit and wings. There were 12 serious injuries and no fatalities.
The following accidents and incidents involved aircraft destined for or that had departed from Toronto Pearson:
- 1983: Air Canada Flight 797, on a Dallas–Toronto–Montreal route, had an in-flight fire and landed in Cincinnati; half of the occupants died, including famed Canadian folksinger, Stan Rogers.
- 1985: A bomb was loaded onto Air India Flight 181, which departed from Toronto Pearson International Airport and arrived at Montréal-Mirabel International Airport and then departed as Air India Flight 182, using the same aircraft and carrying passengers who were on Flight 181, was scheduled to fly on the Montreal–London–Delhi–Bombay route. The Boeing 747-200B exploded over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Cork, Ireland killing all 307 passengers and 22 crew.
- 2001: Air Transat Flight 236, flying from Toronto Pearson to Lisbon Portela Airport in Lisbon, Portugal with 306 people on board, ran out of fuel over the Atlantic Ocean. The aircraft was forced to make an emergency landing at Lajes Field in the Azores. There were no fatalities and only minor injuries.
- 2005: Air France Flight 358, an Airbus A340-300 (registration F-GLZQ) overshot the runway at Toronto Pearson International Airport during a thunderstorm. The plane continued for 300 metres before coming to rest at the bottom of a ravine at the end of the runway adjacent to Highway 401. All 297 passengers and 12 crew survived but the plane was completely destroyed by fire. The investigation predominately blamed pilot error when faced with the severe weather conditions.
- 2008: Air Canada Flight 190, flying from Victoria to Toronto experienced severe turbulence over the Rocky Mountains, injuring up to 10 passengers, and was forced to make an emergency landing in Calgary.
- 2008 December: An Air Canada Jazz Dash-8 drove off a taxiway and came to rest in a grassy area at the end of the runway. The plane was en-route to Sudbury, Ontario. No injuries were reported and passengers were re-routed on another flight shortly after the incident. Snowy conditions were reported at the time of the incident.
Cultural references
- In 1969, American guitarist Jimi Hendrix was arrested at the airport for possession of hashish and heroin. Hendrix was acquitted after he argued in his trial defense that without him knowing, a fan slipped it into his bag.
- In 1977, a photograph focusing on the original Terminal 1, entitled "Toronto (Airport)" by George Hunter, was one of 116 images included on the golden record of the two Voyager spacecraft.[44][45]
- In 1981, the Canadian rock group Rush recorded the Grammy Award nominated instrumental titled "YYZ" in tribute to the airport. The song opens with the Morse code for the VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) located at the airport (the letters "YYZ") and features aurally the atmosphere of travel at Toronto Pearson. From the hustle and bustle of people moving, airplanes taking off, waiting for arrivals and takeoffs, the frantic pace of missing a flight and the eventual landing at the destination, etc. is all captured in the song according to drummer Neil Peart.
- In 1987, the British Rock group Pink Floyd performed their rehearsals for the "A Momentary Lapse of Reason" World Tour in one of the Air Canada hangars at the airport.
- In 1994, the TVOntario (TVO) children's show called Mighty Machines filmed one of their first episodes (Mighty Machines at the Airport) at Terminal 3. Canadian Airlines was the featured airline.
- The music video for Celine Dion's 2004 radio hit "You and I" was filmed partly at Toronto Pearson International Airport. This song was part of Air Canada's marketing campaign at the time.
- An episode of the CTV/CBS drama Flashpoint was filmed at the airport, with the infield hold terminal being used in some scenes as a stand in for Terminal 1, although the gates seen are still the 500 series of the IFT.
- Canadian singer-songwriter Feist shot the music video for her single My Moon My Man at the airport.
See also
- CFYZ, the former radio station which broadcast travel and flight schedule information from the airport on 1280AM
- World's busiest airports by passenger traffic
References
- ↑ Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 23 September 2010 to 0901Z 18 November 2010
- ↑ Airport Divestiture Status Report
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Total aircraft movements by class of operation — NAV CANADA towers (2009)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 2009 Passenger Statistics
- ↑ http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/as-sa/97-550/index-eng.cfm?CFID=3510167&CFTOKEN=80427723 Statistics Canada 2006
- ↑ GTAA – Toronto Pearson today
- ↑ Greater Toronto Airport Authority – Toronto Pearson Voted "Best Global Airport 2006" by the Institute of Transport Management – Oct 30, 2006
- ↑ Toronto Pearson ON (YYZ)
- ↑ Vancouver BC (YVR)
- ↑ Montreal Trudeau QC (YUL)
- ↑ Calgary AB (YYC)
- ↑ Airports in the national airports category
- ↑ "Greater Toronto Airports Authority – Destinations". Gtaa.com. http://www.gtaa.com/en/travellers/airport_information/airlines_and_destina/destinations/. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "GTAA". Torontolandingfees.com. http://www.gtaa.com/en/travellers/airport_information/airlines_and_destina/. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "City of Toronto Archives: Toronto history FAQs". Toronto.ca. http://www.toronto.ca/archives/toronto_history_faqs.htm#pearson. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ Flight Ontario – BCATP Schools
- ↑ "Toronto Port Authority". Torontoport.com. http://www.torontoport.com/airport_history.asp. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Staff reporter (2009-06-01). "World's largest jetliner touches down in Toronto". CBC News. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/toronto/story/2009/06/01/jetliner-a380-pearson.html. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ Airport Development PRogram
- ↑ GTAA – Chapter 5:Layout 1
- ↑ CTV News
- ↑ Changes to Toronto's Terminal 1 design improve passenger flow and visibility, adds handling space
- ↑ Toronto Pearson Today March-April
- ↑ Westjet has over 22 destinations from this terminal which leads to an average of 100+ flights daily, making it one of the busier airlines serving the airport Toronto Pearson Today July-August
- ↑ "Travel Info – Maple Leaf Lounges". aircanada.com. 2008-11-24. http://www.aircanada.com/en/travelinfo/airport/maplelounges/locations.html. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ http://www.plaza-people.com/yyz_en/TPL.aspx
- ↑ "Admirals Club Airport Lounges". Aa.com. 2009-03-31. http://www.aa.com/i18n/amrcorp/newsroom/admirals-club-airport-lounges.jsp. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ 28.0 28.1 "Lounge locations". British Airways. http://www.britishairways.com/travel/ecbenftloungelist/public/en_gb. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "Locations of the KLM Crown Lounge". KLM.com. http://www.klm.com/travel/no_en/travel_information/at_the_airport/lounges/locations_crown_lounges.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ http://www.plaza-people.com/yyz_en/DocT3.aspx
- ↑ "Cargo Services". Greater Toronto Airports Authority. 2007. http://www.gtaa.com/en/business_at_pearson/cargo_services. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "Greater Toronto Airports Authority – Toronto Pearson Today". Gtaa.com. 2009-04-20. http://www.gtaa.com/en/news/torontopearson_today/details/e33784e6-7f12-4f78-8ead-80978ccc50d4. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "Greater Toronto Airports Authority – Driving Directions". Gtaa.com. http://www.gtaa.com/en/travellers/airport_information/ground_transportatio/driving_directions/. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "Greater Toronto Airports Authority – Public Transportation". Gtaa.com. http://www.gtaa.com/en/travellers/airport_information/ground_transportatio/public_transportatio/. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "Greater Toronto Airports Authority – Taxis & Limousines". Gtaa.com. 2009-08-01. http://www.gtaa.com/en/travellers/airport_information/ground_transportatio/taxis__limousines/. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "Greater Toronto Airports Authority – Out-of-Town Van Services". Gtaa.com. http://gtaa.com/en/travellers/airport_information/ground_transportatio/outoftown_van_servic/. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ "Railway Gazette: Toronto airport rail link negotiations collapse". http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/10/toronto-airport-rail-link-negotiations-collapse/browse/5.html. Retrieved 2010-08-16.
- ↑ "Commission Report Macro" (PDF). http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2009/November_17_2009/Reports/Eglinton_Crosstown_L.pdf. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- ↑ http://www.mississauga.ca/file/COM/BRTnewsletterFall09.pdf
- ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19590013-0. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
- ↑ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19640613-1. Retrieved 6 October 2009.
- ↑ Wilkes, Jim (July 6, 2004) "Ghosts of Flight 621 haunt Brampton field", Toronto Star. Retrieved July 6, 2007.
- ↑ "C-GUBT Accident report". Aviation Safety Network. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19830622-0. Retrieved 27 July 2010.
- ↑ "Voyager Record Photograph Index". Scenes from Earth. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 2009-01-21. http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/sceneearth.html. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
- ↑ "Toronto (Airport)" (GIF). relab.net. http://re-lab.net/welcome/images/image107.gif. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
External links
- Toronto Pearson International Airport – Greater Toronto Airports Authority
- Airport Wayfinder: Interactive video guide and detailed informations about Toronto-Pearson International Airport.
- Past three hours METARs, SPECI and current TAFs for Toronto Pearson International Airport from NAV CANADA as available.
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